The causes of hemorrhoids include:
* habitually straining (due to constipation)
* diarrhea
* sneezing
* coughing
* standing or lifting too much
* vomiting
* pregnancy (pressure on the lower abdomen caused by the uterus)
* sedentary lifestyle
* overweight
* prolonged sitting
* cirrhosis of the liver
* eating a low-fiber diet
* anal intercourse
* anal or rectal infection
Symptoms of Hemorrhoids
The most common symptoms of hemorrhoids are:
* rectal itching
* pain or discomfort
* leakage of feces
* incomplete bowel movements
* soft lump felt at the anal opening
* small amount of blood in the stool or on the toilet paper after wiping
Treatment of Hemorrhoids
Medical treatment of hemorrhoids is initially aimed at relieving symptoms. Measures to reduce symptoms include:
* warm tub or sitz baths several times a day in plain, warm water for about 10 minutes
* ice packs to help reduce swelling
* application of petroleum jelly, cortisone creams, hemorrhoidal cream (such as Preparation-H) or suppositories to the affected area
* wearing cotton underwear and loose clothing
* cleaning the anus after each bowel movement by patting gently with moist toilet paper or moistened pads
* taking acetaminophen or aspirin
For hemorrhoids that don't respond to self-care measures, there are some other techniques to alleviate the hemorrhoids:
For treatment of internal hemorrhoids, one of five methods is usually used:
1. Rubber Band Ligation - This procedure involves placing a small rubber band at the base of the internal hemorrhoid. The band cuts off blood supply to the hemorrhoid, causing it to shrivel up and fall off in about four to seven days.
2. Injection Sclerotherapy - This procedure involves injecting a chemical solution into the mucous membrane near the hemorrhoid. This chemical causes inflammation and closure of the veins, thereby shrinking the hemorrhoid.
3. Infrared Photocoagulation - This procedure involves directing an infrared light to coagulate (clot) the dilated veins of the hemorrhoid. This causes the hemorrhoids to shrink, since the blood does not flow through the coagulated blood vessels.
4. Laser Coagulation - This new procedure involves the application of an electric current to the hemorrhoids. The electric current, emitted by an electrode probe, triggers a chemical reaction that shuts down the blood supply in the hemorrhoid and causes the inflamed tissue to shrink.
5. Hemorrhoidectomy - This procedure involves surgically removing the hemorrhoid groups in the anal canal, and is performed with a scalpel, cautery device or laser.
For the treatment of external hemorrhoids, one of three methods is used:
1. Infrared Photocoagulation
2. Laser Coagulation
3. Hemorrhoidectomy
For the treatment of a prolapsed hemorrhoid, a hemorrhoidectomy is recommended.
For the treatment of a thrombosed external hemorrhoid, drainage of the hemorrhoid or a hemorrhoidectomy is recommended.
Self Care
Most hemorrhoids heal on their own in a week or two. Hemorrhoids have a tendency to return unless something is done to prevent them. The most effective preventive measures are:
* Eat between 25 and 30 grams of fiber a day.
* Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day.
* Increase your amount of daily physical activity.
* Add stool softeners or laxatives to diet. Consult with the doctor regarding the prolonged use of stool softeners and laxatives.
* Lose weight.
* Change bowel habits. Respond to the urge to defecate and stay relaxed to avoid straining.
* Exercise the buttocks muscles.
* Practice good personal hygiene. Keep the anal area clean and avoid using rough toilet paper.
Article source: www.healthscout.com
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